Worms is the scientific name of the parasite-worms. How do the eggs of worms, of interest to many, because they are alien to our body. They live in the bodies of people, animals and plants. Most of these parasites have long adapted to life in the open fresh air, earth and water. Their eggs are land -, water-and even "soar" in the air.
Some information about the bot
To date, has been studied more than 300 species of helminthes, 70, who lives on the territory of our country. The world health organization to take bot critical infections. The infection rate of helminths may vary from 20 to 22 million people.
You can helminth for worms is usually considered one of 3 categories:
- Flat worms (tape) – very long, feed on blood of the host. The general beef and pork cep my Echinococcus.
- Roundworms (nematodes) – have different sizes, different genders. The most common are the roundworms and pinworms.
- Flukes are always bi-biohelminths, head has suckers, with their help the worm attach to the body of the host. These include schistosomiasis and others.
The presence of worms is dangerous for a few key reasons:
- parasites can cause mechanical damage to internal organs;
- cause a violation of the metabolism;
- waste products of worms poison the host organism;
- the presence of worms can cause other diseases.
Worms eggs, which come from the human body mainly in the digestive systems of the body (food or water), or failure to comply with hygiene requirements.
A description of the appearance and structure of the most well-known worms
| Worms | The appearance of | Building |
| Pinworms | It is a small round worms are white, usually their size is not more than 1 cm. | In front of the body of pinworms is vesicle. It allows the helminth attached to the inside of the intestine, causing mechanical damage. The other end of the worm is sharp. Hence the name pinworm. |
| Roundworm | Great worm, a length of about 20 cm and a width of 6 mm. The female is much larger than the male. It is red-white curved tail. | The body of a roundworm is covered with a strong cuticle, which does not dissolve even to the gastric juice. At the tip end of the roundworm is the mouth, around the mouth, the three lips.
Immediately behind the mouth, the body of the roundworm is the esophagus and the intestine, which consists of a straight tube. The parasite remains only to swallow cooked food and to digest it. |
| Whipworm | A small worm. Length of 5 cm and a width of no thicker than a human hair, not more than 0.5 mm. There is a sharp head, grabs their mucous membranes. | The front end of the helminth (3-5 cm) refined the thickness of the hair. The rear end is thicker than the front. It is in the intestine. The woman's rear end is the uterus. |
| Toxocara | In Toxocara achieve up to 10 cm long. The males are smaller.
|
Toxocara worm white. The body is elongated, resembles a thin cylinder. The mouth has three lips. |
| The Species Trichinella | Applies to round worms of small size. The length is not more than 5 mm. | The main feature of the structure is a one-way gastrointestinal tract. |
| Beef tapeworm (tapeworm) | The worm is very large size. Has a long life in the form of a tape. How many meters of length beef tapeworm?! He giant size of up to 30 meters! | Scolex (head) has 4 strong suction cups without hooks. The director of the sample is small. The neck segment is growing, their number is 1-2 thousand. Uterus well developed, full of transparent eggs. The mature tapeworm segments are separated, moved with the faeces, or separately come out from the intestines. |
| Pork tapeworm
(sample) |
Its structure is very similar to the beef tapeworm. But through it all, several times less bullish tapeworm – not more than 3-5 m. | Pork tapeworm is also called the armed tapeworm. His head except for the 4 cups, 32 hooks. Tapeworm segments about 50 thousand eggs. |
| Broad tapeworm | Another long worm, its length can be over 10 m | The body of the worm consists of a small flat head, no more than 5 mm, two sides is a long flat slit-like suckers. They worm infects the intestinal wall. |
| Echinococcus | Belongs to the class of tape worms, helminth small sizes. His head has hooks and suckers. | The tapeworm consists of 3-4 segments. "Armed" parasite of suckers and hooks. Segments of the parasite are located sex organs, and the third eggs. They are distinguished by their segments, and they have the ability to move independently. |
| Opisthorchiasis small | Small worms, up to 1 cm from the mouth of the sucker. | The worm has 2 suckers, which are attached to a smooth surface. There are the mouth and abdominal sucker. The oral sucker is a pharynx, and behind it the esophagus and the intestine. The rear end of the parasite's excretory organs. |
Features the life cycle of worms
The duration of life span of worms is different. For some, it may take a year or two, and other parasites more than 10-15 years! So among helminths has its centenarians. For example, pinworms do not live long, not more than 6 months. Their fertility is high enough. Due to the fact that the eggs of pinworms are very light, they can be even the air we breathe.
The eggs of roundworm and whipworm enter the body through food
Roundworm and whipworm live more than 2 years. The first live 2 years and the last 3-4 years. But it's not the worst numbers!
But the record among the worms, which cause great harm to the human body is the pork tapeworm. Its life expectancy will rise up to 20-30 years!
Experts, put on a variety of tests and experiments in worms, noted that the temperature of the environment affects the behavior of the helminth. When the temperature of the body of the patient Ascaris spontaneously eliminated from the body. So at a temperature of 40°C the activity of the roundworm is increased several times.
Lowering the temperature of the environment causes the worms to work – leave your body.
One method of disinfection is by heat treatment. For example, fish kills the parasite, it is enough to boil 30 minutes. Freezing to different temperatures to accelerate the treatment process. A temperature of -15°C, freezing time is 30 days. At -35°C is only 10 hours.
How many need degrees to disinfect products? The eggs of ascarids die at a temperature of +55°C. handling toys in the water temperature +70°C lasts for several seconds.
Egg laying worms
Most of the parasite eggs, but it is also viviparous helminths. These are Trichinella.
How to look helminth eggs found only through a microscope. What kind of worms "settled" person, you can determine, examine their eggs. But the larvae can be seen with the naked eye.
Female worms remain in the body up to the time of fertilization and at the time of bearing offspring
How many eggs can give a woman helminth – terrifying. Toxocara can give 250 thousand eggs. By the way, the larvae and eggs of worms is much more resilient than adults. When the female worms die, after laying eggs, this is pinworms.
Parasites of each class in their own lives, to mate and lay eggs. For example, biohelminth ripen the eggs and larvae of the host organism (cow, cat, dog). For example, biohelminth pork tapeworm. If the human body were the larvae then grow a tapeworm of the small intestine. If infected with tapeworm eggs, the situation is even worse. They are transported throughout the body and can settle in any organ. Is geohelminths eggs and larvae must Mature outside the host organism in the soil. Roundworm eggs develop into larvae in the small intestine. And in good circumstances, blood flow to the eggs (larvae) ascarids migrate to all organs.
| Worms | Description of the eggs | Number masonry | The duration of ripening |
| Pinworms | Pinworm eggs are oval or irregular. The bark is smooth, which consists of several layers of colorless. Fertilized eggs are larvae. | At the same time is the pinworms mature in more than 10-15 thousand eggs. | The egg of the female, the larvae they mature after 6-8 hours. |
| Roundworm | An egg that is not fertilized, has an oval elongated shape. The outer shell is dense, with small tubercles. Inside balls filled with yellowish cells. | Highlights daily more than 250 thousand eggs. | After 2-3 weeks, the fertilized eggs become invasive. |
| Whipworm | The eggs of this parasite has the shape of a barrel, peel its multi-layered and transparent. Inside the eggs has small grains. | 3500 undeveloped eggs per day | Requires 2 weeks to maturation of the larvae. |
| Toxocara | Eggs with thick, finely-lumpy shell. | 200 thousand eggs a day. | A couple of days the Mature larvae eggs. They become harmful. |
| The Species Trichinella | All larvae 0.1 mm. | 2 months of women to give birth more than 2,000 larvae. | Females give birth to live Trichinella larvae. |
| Beef tapeworm (tapeworm) | The egg-shaped oval bubble is gray, it is two processes. | The cyst contains about 200 thousand eggs. If the body of the cyst is not alone, the number of eggs is enormous. | The finns in the muscles to sustain life for 3 years. |
| Broad tapeworm | The eggs are oval, covered with a smooth yellow skin. On top of the eggs cover the bottom of the tubercle. | Each person's faeces the distribution of several million eggs. | After 2-3 days the eggs is formed by the larvae. |
Housing the worms out of a man
The worms can live not only in the human body and organisms, Pets, and outside the host. For example, Giardia in cats to settle in the upper part of the intestine, and they can be found in river fish (perch, IDE).
The eggs of pinworms are parasites that can be in the air. Infected by helminths can and water. He gets infected affected soil. Water the infected live pond fish.
Plants worms are too. They only parasitic nematodes. They strike roots and tubers, and stems and leaves. Infection occurs through the alimentary host swallows the eggs of the worms with food. If the product pour boiling water, eggs and larvae die.
The life cycle of worms for example pinworm
People pinworm lives in different parts of the intestine: the small intestine, cecum and upper part of the colon.
The attack is the egg larva. The infected host fecal-oral. The larvae released from the shell of the egg in the small intestine and wander in places of their localization. Next comes a process called molting, after which the larvae become Mature individuals.
Helminths — multi-celled parasites
After mating the males die, is excreted in the feces. At the same time, a female with the help of vesicles attached to the intestinal mucosa, they ripen the eggs. They are very prolific in their uterus maturing more than 10-15 thousand eggs. During the maturation of the eggs, the female moves to the anus. A woman crosses the bowel at night, when the muscles of the anus relaxed. He is crawling on the skin folds of the external genitalia. The muscles of the vagina, the females are relax, and began the development of the eggs. The skin surface of the host plant, favorable conditions: temperature, humidity, oxygen. How many Mature eggs?
After 6-8 hours inside the egg, the outside man, to form caterpillar, they are invasive.
Still, the female dies, dries quickly, forming a ball. His movements folds itching. The owner combs the area. The hands and under the nails appeared in the eggs of the parasite. Next, there are a number of ways:
- The patient does not follow the rules of personal hygiene, infected again. Having Breakfast with unwashed hands.
- The patient's infected hands touch household items, toys, door handles, etc., infecting your family members.
Remember that the owner does not helminth can not reproduce and develop. The egg or the larva must perform a series: owner-ground/air-host.